As a key component in mechanical equipment, the durability of bearings is directly related to the operating efficiency and life of the equipment. However, in practical applications, we often encounter the problem of bearing durability, which not only increases the maintenance cost of the equipment, but also may affect the production progress. This article will explore the reasons for the durability of bearings from multiple angles in order to provide a reference for solving this problem.

Ⅰ. Material and design factors

1. Material quality The durability of bearings depends largely on the quality of their materials. If the steel of the bearing is not strictly processed, or there are defects in the production process, such as inclusions, bubbles, etc., the strength and wear resistance of the bearing will be reduced. In addition, some small manufacturers may not meet the design requirements in terms of materials due to substandard production processes, which may cause the bearings to be easily damaged during use.

2.Unreasonable design The design of the bearing is also a key factor affecting its durability. Unreasonably designed bearings may not be able to withstand the expected load in practical applications, or may perform poorly in a specific working environment. For example, unreasonable support design may cause uneven bearing force, thereby accelerating wear.

Ⅱ. Use and maintenance factors

1. Improper selection Improper selection is one of the common reasons for the durability of bearings. If the model and specifications of the selected bearings do not match the equipment, or if the characteristics of the working environment, such as temperature, humidity, corrosiveness, etc., are not fully considered, the bearings may have problems during use.

2. Excessive load If the load on the bearing exceeds its design range during use, it will cause excessive internal stress, thereby accelerating wear and fatigue. This situation is particularly common in heavy-loaded, high-speed equipment.

3.Poor lubrication Lubrication is the basis for the normal operation of bearings. If the lubrication is insufficient or the lubrication method is improper, the friction and wear of the bearing will increase. In addition, the choice of lubricant is also crucial. If the lubricant is incompatible with the bearing material, or its performance cannot meet the requirements of the working conditions, it will also reduce the durability of the bearing.

4. Poor sealing The sealing performance of the bearing is crucial to prevent the entry of external contaminants and maintain the effectiveness of the internal lubricant. If the seal is not tight, impurities such as moisture and dust will enter the interior of the bearing, thereby accelerating wear and corrosion.

5. Improper installation The installation process of the bearing also has an important impact on its durability. If there are rough operations during the installation process, such as strong stamping, direct hitting with a hammer, etc., it will cause the bearing to deform or damage. In addition, the cleanliness and centering accuracy during the installation process will also affect the performance of the bearing.

6. Insufficient maintenance Regular inspection and maintenance of bearings are important measures to ensure their durability. If the maintenance is insufficient, such as failure to replace severely worn bearings in time and failure to clean impurities inside the bearings, the bearing performance will be reduced or even fail prematurely.

Ⅲ. Working environment and conditions

1. High temperature environment High temperature environment will accelerate the oxidation and corrosion of bearing materials, thereby reducing their durability. In addition, high temperature may also cause lubricant failure and aggravate bearing wear.

2. Humid environment Humid environment is prone to rust and corrosion of bearings. Especially when there is moisture inside the bearing, it will accelerate its damage process.

3. Corrosive media If the bearing is exposed to corrosive media, such as acid, alkali, salt, etc., it will cause chemical corrosion on its surface, thereby reducing strength and wear resistance.

4. Vibration and shock Vibration and shock will accelerate bearing wear and fatigue. Especially under conditions of high-frequency vibration and heavy-load impact, the durability of the bearing will be significantly reduced.

Ⅳ. Other factors

1. Too small bearing clearance Too small bearing clearance will increase its internal stress, thus accelerating wear. Especially for bearings that need to adjust the clearance, such as the oblique thrust bearings of the front wheels of automobiles, if the clearance is not adjusted properly, it will seriously affect its durability.

2. Hard particle wear If there are hard particles or impurities such as sand and friction debris in the relative motion of the bearing, it will cause scratches on its surface and even form grooves. This kind of wear is called hard particle wear. Hard particle wear will accelerate the damage process of the bearing.

3. Electric erosion For bearings with an insulated outer ring, if the insulation performance is destroyed during installation, the bearing oil film will be broken down by the shaft voltage, thus generating electric sparks. The electric sparks will cause electric erosion on the bearing rolling elements, accelerating the wear of their surfaces.

V. Summary and Suggestions

The reasons for the poor durability of bearings involve many aspects, including materials and design, use and maintenance, working environment and conditions, and other factors. In order to improve the durability of bearings, we can start from the following aspects:

1. Select high-quality bearings: Ensure that the model and specifications of the selected bearings match the equipment, and give priority to brands and manufacturers with reliable quality.

2. Strengthen lubrication management: Select suitable lubricants, and regularly check and replace lubricants to ensure that the bearings are in good lubrication.

3. Improve installation accuracy: Strictly follow the installation steps and requirements of the bearings to avoid barbaric installation and disassembly.

4. Strengthen maintenance and inspection: Regularly inspect and maintain bearings, replace severely worn bearings and clean impurities in time.

5. Improve the working environment: Minimize the adverse effects of high temperature, humidity, corrosive media, etc. on bearings.

6. Reasonably adjust the bearing clearance: For bearings that need to adjust the clearance, ensure that their clearance is within a reasonable range.

Through the implementation of the above measures, we can effectively improve the durability of bearings, reduce the maintenance cost of equipment, and improve production efficiency.